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India’s Climate Actions: Power, Water, and Green Growth

Prime Minister Narendra Modi said India is proving that fast development and protecting the environment can happen together.

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Key Points

8 points
1

Solar capacity increased more than 80 times in 12 years, reaching over 160 gigawatts.

2

The ‘Free Solar Electricity for Homes’ scheme gave up to 80,000 Indian rupees worth of support to more than 5 million households.

3

Around 3 million farmers received solar‑powered irrigation pumps through the Prime Minister’s KUSUM program.

4

India launched its first hydrogen‑fuel train and electric vehicle sales rose from under 3,000 in 2014 to about 2.5 million last year.

5

The national metro system now stretches over 1,000 kilometres across more than 20 cities.

6

More than 70,000 community water tanks and 1.5 crore (15 million) rain‑water harvesting structures were built.

7

Tree cover grew by over 22 % and the ‘One Tree for Mother Earth’ campaign planted millions of trees.

8

Plastic use is being reduced through recycling and the GOBARdhan program turns animal waste into useful fertilizer.

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Summary

The nation has expanded solar capacity from 2 gigawatts to over 160 gigawatts and installed solar pumps for millions of farmers.

Electric mobility is growing, with a hydrogen‑powered train, a large increase in electric vehicle sales, and a nationwide electric rail network.

Water‑saving measures such as rain‑water harvesting structures and micro‑irrigation are helping farmers use less water.

Large tree‑planting drives, waste‑to‑resource programs, and international alliances show India’s role in global climate cooperation.

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New Words to Learn

10 words
gigawatt
a unit of power equal to one billion watts; used to measure large amounts of electricity
hydrogen fuel
a clean gas that can power engines or trains without producing smoke
micro‑irrigation
small, precise watering systems that give crops only the water they need
per capita
for each person in a population
biofuel
fuel made from living plants or other organic material instead of oil
circular economy
a system where products are reused, repaired, or recycled instead of thrown away
agro‑forestry
farming practice that combines growing crops with planting trees
infrastructure
the basic physical systems of a country, such as roads, bridges, and power plants
coal gasification
a process that turns coal into a gas that can be used for energy with less smoke
renewable
energy that comes from sources that naturally replenish, like the sun or wind
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