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India’s e‑Shram Portal: A Digital Gateway for the Unorganised Workforce

Launched in August 2021 by the Ministry of Labour and Employment, the e‑Shram portal creates a national database of workers who are not in formal employment.

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Key Points

5 points
1

Provides a secure digital identity that stays with the worker even if they change jobs or move to a different state.

2

Offers a minimum assured pension of ₹3,000 per month after age 60 under the Pradhan Mantri Shram Yogi Maan‑Dhan Yojana.

3

Accidental insurance (Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana) and life insurance (Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana) each cover up to ₹2 lakh for eligible workers.

4

The portal records detailed information on gig and platform workers, helping policymakers design targeted social security measures.

5

Common Service Centres and self‑registration options have been the main ways people sign up for e‑Shram.

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Summary

By August 2026, about 31.89 crore (approximately 318 million) workers, including a majority of women, have registered and received a unique 12‑digit identification number.

The platform now integrates fifteen government welfare schemes, covering pension, accident and life insurance, food rations, and housing assistance.

It also links workers to the National Career Service for job opportunities and the Skill India Digital Hub for training and apprenticeship programs.

Multilingual support in 22 languages and data sharing with state welfare boards make benefits portable for migrant and construction workers.

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New Words to Learn

11 words
unorganised
workers who are not employed by large, formal companies and often work informally
portal
an online system that brings many services together in one place
registry
an official list that records names and details of people
pension
regular payments given to a person after they retire, usually from a government scheme
insurance
a financial product that provides money if certain risks, like accidents or death, occur
apprenticeship
a program where a person learns a trade while working under a skilled mentor
multilingual
able to operate in many different languages
gig
a short‑term or freelance job, often found through online platforms
portable
able to move with the person; in this context, benefits that follow a worker wherever they go
digital identity
a unique online number or code that identifies a person in electronic systems
API
a set of rules that lets different computer programs share information securely
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