Anurag Jain becomes chief executive of India's NITI Aayog.
He previously served as chief secretary of Madhya Pradesh and as a secretary in national ministries.
His role is to help the government set and carry out development priorities.
The appointment was approved by the country's top leaders and will last two years.
He will guide the creation of plans for roads, schools, and jobs across the country.
Jain brings almost four decades of experience working in different government departments.
His appointment will last for up to two years unless changed later.
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