Summary
The country's research labs often use rigid ranking systems that can limit freedom.
Competition for being near leaders makes it hard to keep scientists at home.
Key Points
4 points1
India produces a large number of highly qualified scientists.
2
Research institutions commonly have strict hierarchical structures.
3
Scientists face competition for proximity to decision‑makers.
4
These factors lead to a brain‑drain, with researchers seeking opportunities elsewhere.
New Words to Learn
3 wordshierarchies
a way of ranking people, like a ladder of who is in charge
retain
to keep or hold onto
proximity
being close to something
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