Summary
Scientists regularly measure river depth to make sure channels stay clear.
Online maps give captains up‑to‑date water levels and routes.
Shipping by water saves money and cuts carbon emissions.
Key Points
5 points1
Four riverine lighthouses, each 20 meters high, are being built on the Brahmaputra.
2
The lights use solar energy and include weather sensors.
3
Hydrographic surveys map the riverbed and tell the lowest water depth.
4
Digital charts and a vessel‑tracker let operators see boat locations in real time.
5
Transporting one tonne of goods by water costs about one‑third of road transport.
New Words to Learn
13 wordshydrographic
studying water depth and shape of river floors
navigation
finding the right way to travel on water
lighthouse
a tall tower with bright lights that helps boats know where they are
solar-powered
using energy from the sun
cargo
goods or items that are carried on a ship
freight
large amounts of goods moved by transport
channel
the part of a river that is deep enough for boats
survey
a careful check or measurement
depth
how deep the water is
riverine
related to a river
digital
using computers or electronic devices
platform
an online place where information is shared
sensor
a device that measures things like weather
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